You’ve probably heard of, or had experience with, migraine headaches – recurrent attacks of pulsating pain that usually occur on one side of the head – but have you ever heard of abdominal migraine?
Stomach pain with migraine, also known as abdominal migraine, is a condition most commonly diagnosed in children that causes stomach pain, nausea, and vomiting.
It can lead to school absences, emotional distress, and disruptions in normal daily activities.
What Is Pediatric Abdominal Migraine?
The cause and relationship between abdominal migraine and migraine headaches are still unknown. Children with abdominal migraine are more likely to have a family or personal history of migraine headaches, to find relief from migraine medications, and to experience similar symptoms and triggers.
There is also evidence that abdominal migraines develop into migraine headaches as children grow older.
What Causes Pediatric Abdominal Migraine?
The exact cause of this link is still unknown to researchers. However, it appears that the gut-brain connection is closely related to the brain. Migraine may cause stomach discomfort and even pain as a result of this link.
According to studies, stomach pain is linked to more severe headache symptoms.
Some possible explanations include:
- Migraine headaches and stomach pain could be linked to immune system mediators that control inflammation.
- The peptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) can cause migraines and alter stomach acid levels.
- Neurotransmitters
- Hormones of stress
What Are the Signs of Abdominal Migraine in Children?
Recurrent episodes of moderate to severe stomach pain lasting one to 72 hours characterize abdominal migraine. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and a pale appearance.
These symptoms occur infrequently between episodes
Who Is Predisposed to Abdominal Migraine?
The majority of abdominal migraines occur in children aged 3 to 10 years old. Most children outgrow the condition, but research into adult abdominal migraines is just getting started.
A child with a personal or family history of migraine headaches is more likely to develop abdominal migraine.
Are Migraine Medications Responsible For Abdominal Migraine?
Migraine sufferers frequently take over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications to prevent or reduce their headache symptoms; however, these medications can occasionally cause stomach problems as well.
GI symptoms are the most common side effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin or ibuprofen.
What Is the Diagnosis of Abdominal Migraine?
In the absence of a test to confirm abdominal migraine, your doctor will make a diagnosis based on specific criteria that detail the type, frequency, and severity of abdominal migraine symptoms. The diagnosis is usually made after all other causes of abdominal pain have been ruled out.
What Is the Treatment for Abdominal Migraine?
A diagnosis of abdominal migraine falls into one of two categories:
- symptom relief during an episode and prevention of future episodes.
- A few studies on the treatment and management of abdominal migraine have been conducted, but doctors may prescribe NSAIDs, anti-nausea medications, and other medications.
Finally, if you or your child suffers from nausea or other abdominal discomforts associated with migraines, consult a doctor. They may be able to offer you treatment options as well as information about underlying conditions that may be exacerbating your symptoms.
Erin Balsa is a highly skilled and knowledgeable health journalist with a passion for educating the public on important health and wellness topics. With extensive experience in both traditional and digital media, Erin has established herself as a trusted voice in the field.